Smooth voice leading keeps each chord voice moving by the smallest interval possible between successive chords

Voice leading is the craft of connecting successive chords so that each voice (soprano, alto, tenor, bass — or each synth/pad layer) moves as smoothly as possible. The key principles: (1) Shared notes between chords should be held or repeated in the same voice; (2) Other voices should move by the smallest available interval; (3) Contrary motion (voices moving in opposite directions) sounds more independent than parallel motion. Good voice leading prevents awkward leaps and creates a sense of musical flow.

Examples

Awkward: C major (C-E-G) to Am (A-C-E) with all voices jumping. Smooth: hold E and C, move G to A only.

Assessment

Rewrite a 4-chord progression (I-V-vi-IV in C major) using voice leading principles. Identify which notes are shared between each pair of chords.