A sawtooth contains every harmonic with the nth at 1/n the fundamental's amplitude

The sawtooth is the reference bright waveform of subtractive synthesis because its harmonic recipe is simple and complete: every harmonic is present, and the amplitude of the nth harmonic is 1/n times that of the fundamental. So the second harmonic is half the fundamental’s amplitude, the third a third, and so on — a slowly decaying spectrum that sounds full and buzzy. Knowing this recipe explains why a sawtooth through a low-pass filter can approximate so many rich acoustic tones: the filter simply removes the upper members of an already-complete series.

Examples

A 100 Hz sawtooth: fundamental at amplitude 1, second harmonic at 1/2, third at 1/3, fourth at 1/4, etc.

Assessment

Give the amplitude of the fourth harmonic of a sawtooth relative to its fundamental, and state which harmonics a sawtooth contains.